What is Socket?

Sockets allow communication between two different processes on the same or different machines. To be more precise, it's a way to talk to other computers using standard Unix file descriptors. In Unix, every I/O action is done by writing or reading a file descriptor. A file descriptor is just an integer associated with an open file and it can be a network connection, a text file, a terminal, or something else.

To a programmer, a socket looks and behaves much like a low-level file descriptor. This is because commands such as read() and write() work with sockets in the same way they do with files and pipes.

What is Network Socket?

• A software structure within a network mode.
• Serves as an endpoint to send and receive data.
• Its properties are defined by network API.
• Exists only during the process of application.
• Externally identified by its socket address.

What are Socket Addresses?

• A combination of protocol type, IP address and Port number for data communication.
• A remote process establishes a socket in its protocol stack.
• The remote process then uses a networking API to connect to the application.
• It presents its own socket address for use.

Implementation of Socket.

In standard Internet Protocols like TCP and UDP: Socket Address is a combination of = (IP address, Port Number), Much like Telephone and extension.

Several Types of Internet Sockets:-

Datagram Sockets:-

• Connectionless Sockets User Datagram Protocol (UDP).
• Each packet sent or received is individually addressed.
• Order and reliability are not guaranteed.

Stream Sockets:-

• Connection-Oriented Sockets Transmission Control Protocol (TCP).
• Packets are sequenced with a unique flow of error-free data.
• Order and reliability are guaranteed.

Raw Sockets:-

• Allow direct sending and receiving of IP packets.
• Without any protocol-specific transport layer formatting
• When transmitting packets automatic addition of a header is optional
• Mostly used in security-related application
• Raw sockets are typically available in network equipment

Video Streaming Application:-

Python Server Module:

• Socket Creation: clientsocket= socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
• Socket Connect: clientsocket.connect((host_ip, port))
• Socket Send: clientsocket.sendall()

Python Client Module:

• Socket Creation: s= socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
• Socket Bind: s.bind((host_ip, port))
• Socket Accept: conn, addr = s.accept()
• Socket Listen: s.listen(10)
• Socket Receive: data += conn.recv(4096)

Video Data Transmission:-

At server side:-

• With Open CV get video frames of the webcam.
• With “pickle” serialize frame to byte data.
• Pack each frame data using the struct module.
• Send data to client and display frame.

At client Side:-

• Receive packets and append them to data.
• Unpack the data using the struct module.
• Load the frame using the pickle.
• Display the frame at the client side.

Output:-

I would like to thanks Mr Vimal Daga sir for providing us with such knowledge to complete this task.

Thank You.